本章将运用前面章节中所学的面向对象英语语法基本概念对大量具有代表性的例子进行分析，以帮助读者弄懂诸多语法现象的来龙去脉，从而避免死记硬背，同时让读者更好地理解和运用此语法体系，学会举一反三。
The tall boy is a singer. 那个高个男孩是一名歌手。
MC: The boy is a singer.
RRC: tall={who (=boy) is} tall.
The pen in the drawer is blue. 抽屉里的笔是蓝色的。
MC: The pen is blue.
RRC: in the drawer={which (=pen) is} in the drawer.
The black keyboard on the desk is ugly. 桌上的黑色键盘很难看。
MC: The keyboard is ugly.
RRC1: black={which (=keyboard) is} black.
RRC2: on the desk={which (=keyboard) is} on the desk.
There is a steep roof over the stadium. 那个体育馆的顶很陡。
MC: A roof is over the stadium.
RRC: steep={which (=roof) is} steep.
I heard the ringing of the phone. 我听到了电话响。
MC: I heard the ringing.
RRC: of the phone={which (=ringing) was} of the phone.
It is of great importance to grab the attention of your clients. 吸引客户的注意力非常重要。
*介词of描述 it（动作对象，即to grab the attention of your clients）与great importance（事物对象）之间的逻辑关系（拥有关系）。
The white train is in motion. 白色的列车在移动。
MC: The train is in motion.
RRC: white={which (=train) is} white.
The little boy cleaning the room is from India. 正在打扫房间的小男孩来自印度。
MC: The boy is from India.
RRC1: little={who(=boy) is} little.
RRC2: cleaning the room={who (=boy) is} cleaning the room.
The girl wearing a red dress was Mary. 穿红色裙子的女孩叫玛丽。
MC: The girl was Mary.
RRC1: wearing a red dress={who (=girl) } wore a red dress.
RRC2: red={which (=dress) was} red.
The killed animal was a huge elephant. 被杀的动物是一头巨象。
MC: The animal was an elephant.
RRC1: killed={which (=animal) was} killed.
RRC2: huge={which (=elephant) was} huge.
The big tree being cut is leafless. 那棵正在被砍伐的大树光秃秃的。
MC: The tree is leafless.
RRC1: big={which (=tree) is} big.
RRC2: being cut={which (=tree) is} being cut.
Her boss, James, is a kind guy. 她的老板詹姆斯是一个善良的人。
MC: Her boss is a kind guy.
NRC: James={who (=her boss) is} James.
He has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. 他去了澳大利亚中部的小镇艾利斯斯普林斯。
MC: He has gone to Alice Springs.
NRC: a small town in the centre of Australia={which (=Alice Springs) is} a small town in the centre of Australia.
Her wish to earn one million dollars is impossible. 她想赚一百万美元的愿望是不可能实现的。
MC: Her wish is impossible.
RRC: to earn one million dollars={which (=her wish) is} to earn one million dollars.
I heard the news that our team had won. 我听到了我们队获胜的消息。
MC: I heard the news.
RRC: that our team had won={which (=news) was} that our team had won.
I have much work to do. 我有很多工作要做。
MC: I have much work.
RRC: to do=which (=work) I should do.
I have much work for you to do. 我有很多工作让你去做。
MC: I have much work.
RRC: for you to do=which (=work) you should do.
The train to arrive is blue. 要到达的那辆列车是蓝色的。
MC: The train is blue.
RRC: to arrive={which (=train) will} arrive.
I like the cotton dress. 我喜欢这条棉裙。
MC: I like the dress.
RRC: cotton={which (=dress) is of} cotton.
I am swimming in the pool. 我在池子里游泳。
MC: I am swimming.
NRC: in the pool={which (=swimming) is } in the pool.
His brother sat on the table. 他的兄弟坐在桌子上。
MC: His brother sat.
NRC: on the table={which (=sitting) was} on the table.
He cried for two hours. 他哭了两个小时。
MC: He cried.
NRC: for two hours={which (=crying) was} for two hours.
He crawled for 150 meters. 他爬行了150米。
MC: He crawled.
NRC: for 150 meters={which (=crawling) was} for 150 meters.
The cup was broken by Peter. 那个杯子被彼特打碎了。
MC: The cup was broken.
NRC: by Peter={which (=breaking) was} by Peter.
He was walking to the huge machine. 他那时正在走向那台巨大的机器。
MC: He was walking.
NRC: to the huge machine={which (=walking) was} to the huge machine.
He suggested taking the children to the zoo. 他提议带孩子们去动物园。
MC: He suggested taking the children to the zoo.
On the last day I made a big decision. 在最后一天，我作出了一个重大的决定。
MC: I made a big decision.
NRC: on the last day={which (=making) was} on the last day.
At the moment you called I was in the garden shed. 你来电话时我正在花园的小屋里。
MC: I was in the garden shed.
NRC: at the moment you called={which (=being in the garden shed) was} at the moment (when) you called.
She cuts the carrots with a knife. 她用刀切胡萝卜。
MC: She cuts the carrots.
NRC: with a knife={which (=cutting) is }with a knife.
She hit him with a book on the head. 她用书打了他的头。
MC: She hit him.
NRC1: with a book={which (=hitting) was} with a book.
NRC2: on the head={which (=hitting) was} on the head.
You open the door by pressing the button. 按这个按钮就能打开门。
MC: You open the door
NRC: by pressing the button={which (=opening) is} by pressing the button.
The sun rose above the horizon. 太阳升起到地平线以上。
MC: The sun rose.
NRC: above the horizon={which (=that the sun rose) was} (with the result that it was) above the horizon.
The hunter shot the tiger dead. 猎人枪杀了那只老虎。
MC: The hunter shot the tiger.
NRC: dead={which (=that the hunter shot the tiger) was} (with the result that it was) dead.
He pushed the door open. 他推开了门。
MC: He pushed the door.
NRC: open={which (=that he pushed the door) was} (with the result that it was) open.
I put the book on the table. 我把书放在桌子上。
MC: I put the book.
NRC: on the table={which (=that I put the book) was} (with the result that it was) on the table.
I'm glad about your passing the test. 你考及格了, 我很高兴。
MC: I'm glad.
NRC: about your passing the test={which (=that I am glad is } about your passing the test.
She is sharpening the knife to cut the meat. 她正在磨刀用来切肉。
MC: She is sharpening the knife.
NRC: to cut the meat={which (=that she is sharpening the knife) is for} to cut the meat.
I am glad to see you. 很高兴见到你。
MC: I am glad.
NRC: to see you={which (=that I am glad) is about} to see you.
He sat by the window reading a thick book. 他坐在窗户旁读着一本厚厚的书。
IC1: He sat by the window.
IC2: reading a thick book=he was reading a thick book.
The teacher entered the classroom, followed by two students. 老师进了教室，后面跟着两个学生。
IC1: The teacher entered the room.
IC2: followed by two students=She/He was followed by two students.
He is very tall. 他非常高。
MC: He is tall.
NRC: very [in a high degree]={which (=being tall) is} in a high degree.
I bought a book yesterday. 我昨天买了一本书。
MC: I bought a book.
NRC: yesterday={which (=buying) was on} yesterday.
Tired, she slept on the long soft sofa. 她累了，在长软沙发上睡着了。
IC1: Tired=She was tired.
IC2: she slept on the long soft sofa.
The village is very isolated, there being no bus service. 这座村庄很偏远，连公交车都没有。
IC1: The village is very isolated.
IC2: there being no bus service=(and) there is no bus service.
I didn't expect there to be such a big crowd. 我没想到会有这么多人。
*there to be such a big crowd=there would be such a big crowd.
She sat on the floor, very worried. 她坐在地板上，非常担心。
IC1: She sat on the floor.
IC2: very worried=she was very worried.
Last week I went to the theatre. 上星期，我去了剧院。
MC: I went.
NRC1: to the theatre={which (=going) was} to the theatre.
NRC2: last week={which (=going) was} (on) last week.
The lamp is one meter above the floor. 灯离地板一米高。
IC1: The lamp is above the floor.
IC2: one meter=(the distance between the lamp and the floor is) one meter.
We arrived after you left. 在你走后，我们到了。
MC: We arrived.
NRC: after you left={which (=that we arrived) was} after (that) you left.
He was late due to the very heavy traffic. 因为严重的交通拥堵，他迟到了。
*due to (=for) 是一个习语，看作一个整体用作介词。
She was so angry that she couldn't speak. 她气得说不出话来。
MC: She was so angry.
NRC: that she couldn't speak={which (=that she was so angry) was} (with the result) that she couldn't speak.
She was asleep with her head on her arms. 她枕着双手睡觉。
MC: She was asleep.
NRC: with her head on her arms={which (=that she was asleep) was} with (that her head was on her arms).
We jumped into the water with bullets whizzing past our ears. 我们跳进水里，有子弹嗖嗖地从我们耳旁飞过。
MC: We jumped into the water.
NRC: with bullets whizzing past our ears={which (=that we jumped into the water) was} with that bullets were whizzing past our ears.
He accused me of cheating. 他指控我欺骗。
*accuse: to say that someone has done something morally wrong, illegal or unkind. something是隐含信息。
The trees give some welcome shade from the sun. 这些树遮住了阳光, 很舒适凉快。
*shade: slight darkness caused by something blocking the direct light from something bright.
The view from the mountain is amazing. 从山上看景色非常迷人。
*view: what can be seen from a particular place.
I saw him crying. 我那时看到他正在哭。
I saw him crying=I saw (that) he was crying.
I saw him cry. 我那时看到他哭了。
I saw him cry=I saw (that) he cried.
He made the girl laugh. 他把那个女孩逗笑了。
He made the girl laugh=He made (that) the girl laughed.
His actions made him respected. 他的行为使他受人尊重。
His actions made him respected=His actions made (that) he was respected.
The news made her happy. 那则消息使她高兴起来了。
The news made her happy=The news made (that) she was happy.
He makes it a rule never to borrow money. 无论如何也不向别人借钱是他给自己定的一项原则。
He makes it a rule never to borrow money=He makes (that) it is a rule never to borrow money.
I'd hate (for) him to think I wasn't interested. 要是他认为我不感兴趣，那我可就太讨厌了。
*that he should/would think I didn't care作hate的宾语，采用了TO DO的简化形式。
She wants me to go with her. 她想我跟她一起去。
She wants me to go with her=She wants that I will go with her.
We would like you to come and visit us. 我们希望你来看看我们。
We would like you to come and visit us=We would like that you will come and visit us.
My boss allows me to use the telephone. 我的老板允许我使用那部电话。
My boss allows me to use the telephone=My boss allows that I can use the telephone.
I asked James to buy some bread. 我叫詹姆斯去买一些面包。
I asked James to buy some bread=I asked that James should buy some bread.
He is finding this trip very exciting. 他觉得这次的旅程非常令人兴奋。
He is finding this trip very exciting=He is finding that this trip is very exciting.
I found her in the classroom. 我发现她在教室里。
I found her in the classroom=I found (that) she was in the classroom.
I gave her brother a book. 我给了她兄弟一本书。
MC: I gave a book.
NRC: her brother={which (=giving) was to} her brother.
The school awarded Merry a prize. 学校给梅丽颁发了一个奖状。
MC: The school awarded a prize.
NRC: Merry={which (=awarding) was to} Merry.
I bought her a present. 我给她买了一个礼物。
MC: I bought a present.
NRC: her ={which (=present) was for} her.
It's too cold to go in the sea. 现在太冷，不能下海。
MC: It's too cold.
NRC: to go in the sea={which (=that it's too cold) is for} to go in the sea.
She made me some sandwiches. 她给我做了一些三明治。
MC: She made some sandwiches.
NRC: me={which (=sandwiches) were for} me.
The meat smells of garlic. 这肉闻起来有些大蒜的味道。
*smell是隐含信息：smell of (?). 例句中?是garlic：smell of garlic。
Can you account for your movements on that night? 你能解释一下你那晚的活动吗?
*account：to give a satisfactory explanation for sth。
France fell behind in coal production. 法国在煤炭生产方面落后了。
MC: France fell.
NRC1: behind={which (=France) was} behind (?).
The fire is dying down. 火正在慢慢熄灭。
MC: The fire is dying.
NRC: down [from a higher to a lower level] *down是一个封装词。
He lives in retirement in Cornwall. 他在康沃尔郡过退休生活。
MC: He lives.
NRC1: in retirement ={who (=he) is} in retirement.
NRC2: in Cornwall ={which (=living) is} in Cornwall.
She is five years of age. 她现在五岁。
MC: She is of age.
RRC: five years={which (=age) is} five years.
Volleyball is interesting to watch. 打排球看起来很有趣。
*例句的原有语序：To watch volleyball is interesting. 按习惯，将to do移至句尾。
He is certain to agree. 他一定会同意的。
*That he will agree is certain → For him to agree is certain. 简化后，to agree移至句尾，for省略，him变成主格。
He is taller than you are. 他比你高。
*-er相当于more：in a degree above the degree。
单选：选择最合适的答案。
注：此处仅保留部分代表性练习，完整练习请参考纸质版或后续版本。